
Medigap is a supplemental insurance plan that helps Medicare enrollees cover out-of-pocket costs such as deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance. The best time to buy a Medigap policy is during the one-time, six-month Medigap Open Enrollment Period, which begins the first month a person is 65 or older and enrolled in Medicare Part B. During this period, insurance companies must sell Medigap policies at the best available rate, regardless of health status, and they cannot deny coverage. After this period, Medigap policies may be limited and more expensive. While federal law does not require insurance companies to sell Medigap policies to people under 65, some states offer Medigap policies to those under 65, and certain qualifying events may allow beneficiaries to purchase Medigap outside of the Open Enrollment Period.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Medigap Open Enrollment Period | A one-time, six-month period that starts the first month a person is 65 or older and has Medicare Part B |
| Guaranteed issue rights | Situations where an insurance company can't deny you a Medigap policy; you may have these rights within 63 days of losing certain kinds of health coverage |
| State-specific rights | Some states offer Medigap policies to people under 65; some states require Medigap insurers to offer policies to people 65 and older without regard to their medical conditions |
| Best time to buy a policy | During the Medigap Open Enrollment Period, as your options to buy a policy may be limited and the policy may cost more after this period |
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What You'll Learn

The 6-month open enrollment period
It is important to note that federal law does not require insurance companies to sell Medigap policies to individuals under 65. However, some states have expanded protections, allowing individuals under 65 with disabilities or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to purchase Medigap policies during an initial open enrollment period. These protections vary by state, so it is advisable to contact your State Insurance Department or the State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) for specific information.
To ensure a smooth application process, it is recommended that individuals apply for Medigap coverage one to three months before their 65th birthday month. This allows time for the application to be processed, ensuring that Medigap coverage can begin concurrently with Medicare. It is also beneficial to retain any documentation related to previous coverage, as proof of prior health insurance may be required when purchasing a Medigap policy.
In conclusion, the 6-month open enrollment period for Medigap insurance is a crucial window for individuals turning 65 or older to secure the best available rates and guaranteed coverage. By understanding the timing and requirements of this period, individuals can effectively navigate the application process and maximize their healthcare options.
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Guaranteed issue rights
Medigap is Medicare supplemental insurance that helps people pay for some of the out-of-pocket costs associated with original Medicare. Unlike Medicare Advantage (Part C) and Part D, there are limited opportunities for someone to enroll in a Medigap policy. The best time to buy a Medigap policy is during your Medigap Open Enrollment Period. This is a one-time, six-month period that starts the first month a person is 65 or older and has Medicare Part B. During this time, insurance companies cannot refuse to sell a Medigap policy to an applicant, and policies must be offered at preferred rates (the lowest price).
However, there are certain situations where you may be able to buy a Medigap policy outside of your Medigap Open Enrollment Period. These situations are called "guaranteed issue rights" or "Medigap protections." Generally, you qualify for a Guaranteed Issue Right if your coverage or service area changes. For example, if you move out of the plan's service area, you'll qualify for Guaranteed Issue Rights. In addition, if you drop a Medigap policy to enroll in a Medicare Advantage or Medicare SELECT policy for the first time, you have the plan for less than 12 months, and you want to change back, then you qualify for a "Trial Right."
Another benefit of Guaranteed Issue Rights is that there is no pre-existing condition waiting period. However, using a Guaranteed Issue window restricts you to buying specific plans. The Medigap plan options for GI rights include Plan A, B, C, D, G, F, K, or L. If you live in Connecticut or New York, you can access Medicare Supplement plans with guaranteed issue rights all year round, but premiums tend to be higher in these states. In Massachusetts, Medigap companies must offer GI from February 1st to March 31st every year, and Missouri residents can choose a new policy with GI rights once per year on the anniversary of their plan.
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State-specific Medigap laws
While Medicare is a federal program, state-specific rules and consumer protections can impact beneficiaries' access to Medigap. Medigap insurance is generally state-regulated, but it is also subject to certain federal minimum requirements. Federal law requires Medigap plans to be standardized in terms of benefits and premiums to make it easier for consumers to compare across plans. Federal law also requires Medigap insurers to offer "guaranteed issue" policies to Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older during the first six months of their enrollment in Medicare Part B. During this period, Medigap insurers cannot deny coverage or vary premiums based on age, gender, health status, or pre-existing conditions.
However, states have the flexibility to institute consumer protections that go beyond these federal standards. For example, 28 states require Medigap insurers to issue policies to eligible Medicare beneficiaries whose employer has changed their retiree health coverage benefits. Only four states (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, and New York) require either continuous or annual guaranteed issue protections for all beneficiaries aged 65 and older, regardless of their medical history. Guaranteed issue protections prohibit insurers from denying a Medigap policy to eligible applicants, including those with pre-existing conditions.
Some states have implemented birthday rules that allow beneficiaries to change their Medigap plans during an open enrollment window around their birthday without health underwriting questions. For example, the California birthday rule allows for a 91-day open enrollment window, while the Idaho birthday rule provides a 63-day guaranteed issue period beginning on the beneficiary's birthday.
The share of beneficiaries with Medigap coverage varies by state, from 3% in Hawaii to 51% in Kansas. States with higher Medigap enrollment tend to be in the Midwest and plains states, where relatively fewer beneficiaries are enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans. It is important to research the plans available in your specific state, as Medicare Advantage (Medicare Part C) and Medicare Part D plans are subject to location-based availability.
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Buying a Medigap policy outside open enrollment
Medigap is Medicare supplemental insurance that helps people pay for some of the out-of-pocket costs associated with original Medicare. Unlike Medicare Advantage (Part C) and Part D, there are limited opportunities for someone to enroll in a Medigap policy. The best time to buy a Medigap policy is during your Medigap Open Enrollment Period. This is a one-time, six-month period that starts the first month a person is 65 or older and has Medicare Part B. During this timeframe, as long as the applicant meets both those requirements, an insurance company cannot refuse to sell a Medigap policy. In addition, Medigap policies must be offered at preferred rates (the lowest price).
If you miss your Medigap Open Enrollment Period, your options for buying a Medigap policy may be limited, and the policy may cost more. You can buy any Medigap policy sold by an insurance company in your state. However, the insurance company may deny you a policy if you do not meet their medical underwriting requirements. There are certain situations where you may be able to buy a Medigap policy outside of your Medigap Open Enrollment Period. These are called "guaranteed issue rights" or "Medigap protections". Check with your State Insurance Department to see if you can buy a Medigap policy outside of your Medigap Open Enrollment Period. You may have additional rights under state law.
For example, if you are under 65 and have Medicare because of a disability or ESRD, you might not be able to buy a Medigap policy until you turn 65. Federal law generally does not require insurance companies to sell Medigap policies to people under 65. However, in some states, insurance companies do offer Medigap policies to people under 65. Some state laws add consumer rights, like allowing a Medigap Open Enrollment Period for people under 65. Additionally, states are responsible for overseeing the conduct of Medigap companies, agents, and brokers. For state-specific Medigap information, contact the State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) or your State Insurance Department.
You have 63 days after your current Medigap coverage ends to buy a new Medigap policy. Keep any letters, notices, emails, or claim denials from your previous coverage in case you need to prove your coverage ended. You may need to include copies of these documents with your new Medigap application to prove you have the right to buy a new policy.
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Buying a Medigap policy when under 65
The best time to buy a Medigap policy is during your Medigap Open Enrollment Period. This is a one-time, six-month period that starts the first month a person is 65 or older and has Medicare Part B. During this period, insurance companies cannot refuse to sell you a Medigap policy, and they must offer it at the lowest price.
However, federal law does not require insurance companies to sell Medigap policies to people under 65. Some states allow anyone with Medicare under 65 to buy a Medigap policy, while others only permit it if you are eligible for Medicare due to ESRD or a disability. In some states, insurance companies do offer Medigap policies to people under 65, but they can charge significantly higher premiums.
If you are under 65 and interested in purchasing a Medigap policy, you should check with your State Insurance Department about what rights you have under state law. You can also contact your State Health Insurance Assistance Program to see if you qualify. It is important to note that even if you are able to purchase a Medigap policy before turning 65, your options may be limited, and the policy may cost more.
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Frequently asked questions
The Medigap Open Enrollment Period is a one-time, six-month period that starts the first month a person is 65 or older and has Medicare Part B.
If you miss your Medigap Open Enrollment Period, you can still buy a Medigap policy when you have a guaranteed issue right. For example, if you lose other health coverage or have a Medicare Advantage plan and move out of the plan's service area.
Yes, you can buy a Medigap policy outside of your Medigap Open Enrollment Period, but insurance companies can refuse to sell you one or impose certain medical requirements.
Federal law generally doesn't require insurance companies to sell Medigap policies to people under 65. However, some states offer Medigap policies to people under 65, and certain states require Medigap insurers to offer policies to people over 65 regardless of their medical conditions.











































