Life Insurance Options For Diabetics: What You Need To Know

Diabetes is a serious medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a condition where the body is unable to maintain healthy levels of glucose in the blood, requiring daily self-care and, in some cases, insulin injections. While diabetes can be managed, it currently has no cure, and it can significantly impact a person's quality of life and life expectancy if complications develop. As a result, people with diabetes may face challenges when applying for life insurance. So, can a diabetic person get life insurance?

Type of diabetes

There are three main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that attacks the pancreas's ability to produce insulin. It is often diagnosed in children and young adults but can appear at any age. People with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin every day to stay alive. Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition of unknown cause that causes the body to become immune to the normal effects of insulin. It is more common in older adults and can usually be managed through healthy eating and regular exercise. However, some people with this type may still need to take medication. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and generally disappears once the baby is born. However, women who have had gestational diabetes have a higher chance of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

In addition to the three main types, there are other less common types of diabetes, including monogenic diabetes, which is caused by a change in a single gene, and secondary diabetes, which can be caused by endocrine dysfunctions, disorders involving the pancreas, or medications such as steroids.

When it comes to life insurance, people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes can usually obtain coverage, but they may face higher premiums due to the increased risks associated with the condition. The age of diagnosis and the presence of any medical complications can also impact the premium payable. It is important for individuals with diabetes to disclose their condition and provide relevant medical information when applying for life insurance to ensure they are covered.

Age at diagnosis

The age at which a person is diagnosed with diabetes can have a significant impact on their life insurance options and premiums. While it is possible for diabetics to obtain life insurance, the age of diagnosis is one of several factors that insurers consider when assessing an applicant's level of risk.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is more prevalent among young people. Being diagnosed at a younger age increases the likelihood of suffering complications later in life. As a result, insurers may view applicants diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at a younger age as higher-risk, leading to higher premiums or difficulties in obtaining coverage.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes typically occurs in older adults, with an onset age range of 45-64 being the most common. However, it can develop at any age, and the likelihood of developing the condition increases drastically after age 35. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at a younger age may indicate a higher risk for the insurer, potentially resulting in higher premiums or coverage limitations.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually disappears after childbirth. Therefore, individuals with this condition are advised to wait until after pregnancy to apply for life insurance, as their options may be more favourable once the condition resolves.

In summary, the age at diagnosis of diabetes can influence the availability and cost of life insurance. Younger individuals diagnosed with diabetes may face higher premiums or coverage restrictions due to the increased risk of long-term complications. However, it is important to note that other factors, such as overall health, glucose control, and lifestyle choices, also play a significant role in the underwriting process.

Blood glucose control

General Recommendations

• The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends a "normal" blood sugar level of 80 to 130 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) before a meal and less than 180 mg/dL one to two hours after a meal.
• The ADA also suggests an A1C level (a measure of long-term blood sugar control) of less than 7%.
• It is essential to test blood sugar levels frequently and manage any highs and lows to maintain a healthy range.
• Doctors may recommend a combination of diet, exercise, and medication to achieve blood sugar goals.

Recommendations for Specific Groups

• Most Adults with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes: The recommended fasting blood sugar range is 80-130 mg/dL, and less than 180 mg/dL after eating. The A1C target is generally less than 7%.
• Children with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes: The ADA recommends an A1C level of less than 7% for many children, but this may be personalised based on medication and other factors. Children with type 1 diabetes need to check their blood sugar several times a day. For those with type 2 diabetes, doctors advise checking blood sugar levels based on individual circumstances.
• Pregnant Individuals with Diabetes: Due to the risks associated with high blood glucose for the developing baby, the recommended targets are lower. The fasting blood glucose target is less than 95 mg/dL, and less than 120-140 mg/dL after eating. The A1C target is below 6%, but it can be adjusted to 7% if there is a risk of low blood sugar.
• People with Prediabetes: A fasting blood sugar level of 100-125 mg/dL or an A1C level between 5.7% and 6.4% indicates prediabetes. Lifestyle changes are recommended to lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Factors Affecting Blood Sugar Levels

• Diet: Overeating foods with sugar or carbohydrates can cause blood sugar spikes.
• Physical Activity: Reduced physical activity can lead to higher blood sugar levels.
• Medication: Missing doses of insulin or having diabetes medication that isn't working effectively can impact blood sugar control.
• Other Medications: Steroids and certain other medications can cause blood sugar levels to rise.
• Surgery: Recovery from surgery can also lead to temporary increases in blood sugar levels.

Tests for Diabetes and Prediabetes

• Fasting Plasma Glucose Test: Blood sugar levels are tested after fasting for 8 hours. A level above 126 mg/dL indicates diabetes, while 100 to 125 mg/dL suggests prediabetes.
• Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: After fasting for 8 hours, a sugary drink is consumed. A blood sugar level above 200 after 2 hours indicates diabetes, and a level of 140 to 199 mg/dL suggests prediabetes.
• Random Check: If the random blood sugar test is higher than 200, and there are symptoms like increased urination, excessive thirst, and significant weight changes, further tests are conducted to confirm the diagnosis.
• A1C Test: This test averages blood sugar levels over a few months. A level below 5.7% is normal, while 5.7% to 6.4% indicates prediabetes.

Complications of High Blood Sugar

• Nerve damage
• Blood vessel damage, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke
• Erectile dysfunction
• Foot damage, including reduced blood flow, nerve damage, infections, and poor wound healing
• Vision loss or blindness
• Weakened immune system
• Kidney disease or kidney failure

Treatment

The type of diabetes you have will determine the treatment options available to you. Type 2 diabetes is often managed through lifestyle changes, such as weight loss, a healthy diet, exercise, good sleep, and stress reduction. Type 1 diabetes, on the other hand, is harder to treat and usually requires blood sugar monitoring and insulin therapy.

If you have Type 2 diabetes, making healthy lifestyle changes can help you manage your condition and improve your chances of getting life insurance at a lower rate. Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and taking prescribed medication can all positively impact your health and demonstrate to insurers that you are taking steps to manage your diabetes.

For those with Type 1 diabetes, keeping your blood glucose and A1C (glycohemoglobin) levels stable and within the recommended range is crucial. This can be achieved through consistent insulin therapy and regular medical check-ups.

Additionally, it is important to manage any diabetes-related complications, such as neuropathy (nerve damage) or retinopathy (retina damage). Keeping these conditions under control can improve your health outcomes and increase your chances of qualifying for life insurance.

When applying for life insurance, be prepared to provide detailed information about your diabetes treatment and management. This includes information about your diet, exercise routine, medication, and medical history. Insurers will also consider your family medical history and other health factors, such as high cholesterol or high blood pressure, which can impact your rates.

Overall, the key to improving your chances of obtaining life insurance as a diabetic is to manage your condition effectively through a combination of treatment, lifestyle changes, and regular medical care.

Previous complications

If you have experienced previous complications due to diabetes, it is important to know that this may impact your eligibility for life insurance and the premiums you will be required to pay. Insurers will consider your individual circumstances, including any health complications that have arisen as a result of your diabetes.

When assessing your application, insurers may inquire about various aspects of your health and diabetes management. They may ask about the type of diabetes you have, the date of diagnosis, any additional health risk factors, your current weight and height, blood pressure readings, medical history, blood glucose management, and your diabetes treatment plan.

It is crucial to disclose all relevant medical information accurately and honestly. Failure to do so may result in difficulties processing your claim or even nullification of your policy if it is discovered that you withheld information.

Some of the medical complications that can arise from diabetes include blindness, kidney dysfunction, peripheral vascular problems, kidney or nerve problems, high blood pressure, vision impairment, reduced blood circulation, and diabetic comas. If you have experienced any of these or other diabetes-related complications, be prepared to provide detailed information to the insurer.

In general, individuals with Type 1 diabetes may face higher premiums or more challenges in obtaining life insurance compared to those with Type 2 diabetes. This is because Type 1 diabetes is considered harder to control and poses a higher risk in the eyes of insurers. However, it is still possible for individuals with Type 1 diabetes to obtain life insurance by demonstrating stable health and effective diabetes management.

To improve your chances of obtaining life insurance with pre-existing complications, it is advisable to focus on managing your diabetes effectively. This includes following healthy habits such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, avoiding smoking, taking prescribed medication, and regularly consulting your healthcare professionals. By doing so, you can not only improve your overall health but also demonstrate to insurers that you are committed to managing your diabetes vigilantly.

Additionally, shopping around and comparing quotes from different insurers can help you find the best rates and policies suited to your specific circumstances. It is worth considering insurers that offer wellness programs, as these can provide financial incentives and rewards for engaging in healthy activities and behaviours.

Frequently asked questions