Chronic Tonic Seizures: Life Insurance Impact And Exclusions

Tonic-clonic seizures, formerly known as grand mal seizures, are the most recognised type of seizure. They involve two stages: the tonic phase, where the body stiffens, and the clonic phase, where the arms and legs jerk rhythmically. These seizures can be frightening to experience or witness, and they can also cause severe problems and injuries. People with epilepsy often experience tonic-clonic seizures, and they can affect both children and adults. This article will explore the impact of having chronic tonic seizures on life insurance options and costs.

Tonic-clonic seizures and epilepsy

Tonic-clonic seizures, previously called grand mal seizures, are what most people think of when they hear the word "seizure". They are also what most people associate with epilepsy.

During a tonic-clonic seizure, a person will first enter the tonic phase, where all their muscles stiffen, and they lose consciousness, falling to the floor. Air being forced past the vocal cords may cause them to cry out or groan, and they may bite their tongue or the inside of their cheek.

This is followed by the clonic phase, where the arms and legs jerk rapidly and rhythmically, bending and relaxing at the elbows, hips, and knees. This slows and eventually stops after a few minutes. The person's face may appear dusky or bluish if they are having trouble breathing. They may also lose control of their bladder or bowel.

After the seizure, the person's breathing and colour usually return to normal, but they may feel tired, confused, or depressed, and may have a headache. These seizures generally last 1 to 3 minutes. Tonic-clonic seizures that last longer than 5 minutes are considered a medical emergency.

Tonic-clonic seizures can start in one or both sides of the brain. When they start on both sides, they are called generalized onset motor seizures or generalized tonic-clonic seizures. When they start on one side and spread to both, they are called focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures.

Tonic-clonic seizures can affect both children and adults, and some children may outgrow their epilepsy. Treatment for seizures typically involves taking medication daily, and there are also special "rescue medicines" for use when a person has more seizures than usual or to stop further tonic-clonic seizures.

In terms of life insurance, having epilepsy does not mean that a person will be unable to find affordable options. In fact, many people with epilepsy are able to purchase affordable and flexible term life insurance policies. The time since the last seizure is an important factor in determining the cost of coverage, with longer periods without seizures resulting in better rates. Other factors that can help reduce premiums include maintaining good seizure control, having a healthy lifestyle, and regularly consulting with a healthcare provider.

The impact of tonic seizures on insurance premiums

Tonic seizures, also known as tonic-clonic seizures, are a type of seizure that causes strong muscle movements on both sides of the body, including convulsions. They are the most recognised type of seizure due to their intense physical symptoms.

During the tonic phase, the person loses consciousness and their muscles stiffen, which can cause them to fall and bite their tongue or cheek. This is followed by the clonic phase, where the arms and legs jerk rapidly and rhythmically. The person may lose control of their bladder or bowels, and their face may appear dusky or blue if they are struggling to breathe. Tonic-clonic seizures generally last between one and three minutes, and the person may feel sleepy, confused, irritable or depressed afterwards.

Tonic seizures can happen to anyone but are more common in people with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or other mixed seizure type syndromes. They usually occur during sleep and can be caused by epilepsy, brain tumours, degenerative brain diseases, drug or alcohol abuse, infections, metabolic problems, mental health problems, and more.

Regarding life insurance, having epilepsy or a history of seizures does not mean a person will be unable to find affordable options. In fact, many companies insure those with epilepsy and seizure disorders, especially if the condition is under control. The time since the last seizure is a significant factor in pricing; the longer the time since the last seizure, the better. If the last seizure was over five years ago, the premium may not increase. However, if the last seizure was within the last 12 months, obtaining cover will be more difficult.

The type of epilepsy, type of seizure, and time since the last seizure will also impact the final cost of the premium. The more serious the type of epilepsy and seizure, and the more recent the seizure, the higher the premium will be.

The underwriting process for epilepsy

When applying for life insurance, underwriters will review the entire application, along with all accompanying documents, and then determine the level of protection and the price offered to the applicant. For those with epilepsy, the application may be categorized anywhere from Standard to Table Rated. The rating system means that, out of the 12 different rating classes, epilepsy lies in the top nine.

The time since your last seizure is a key factor in the underwriting process. Here are some general guidelines:

• 0-3 months since the last seizure: Postponed by most companies
• 3-6 months: 100-150% rating added to the standard rate
• 7-24 months: 50-100% rating added to the standard rate
• 25-60 months: Standard rate, possible 50% rating
• 60+ months: Some applicants may qualify for preferred rates

Underwriters will also need to know the following:

• When you were first diagnosed with epilepsy
• What type of seizures you have had
• How often you have seizures
• When your last episode was
• Whether you have been hospitalized for epilepsy
• If you have any history of status epilepticus
• If you have had any mental deterioration or personality changes due to epilepsy
• When your last EEG, MRI, or CT scan was and what the results were
• What medications and dosages you take
• If you have any other health issues
• Whether you are a smoker or non-smoker

Health histories such as stroke, depression, heart conditions, and multiple sclerosis will also affect your rate.

It is beneficial to work with an insurance agent or broker who specializes in high-risk cases, as they can help you navigate the complexities of underwriting and find suitable insurance options.

The importance of treatment and medication

Tonic-clonic seizures, also known as "grand mal" seizures, are the most recognised type of seizure and can be extremely distressing for both the person experiencing them and any witnesses. The seizures involve both tonic (stiffening) and clonic (rhythmic jerking) phases of muscle activity, which can cause intense muscle spasms and temporarily stop the person's breathing.

Medications are the primary method of treating and preventing tonic-clonic seizures. Anti-seizure medications are usually the first line of treatment, with a range of drugs available to restrain and control seizures. It is important to note that finding the right medication can take time, and some people may require a combination of medications to effectively manage their seizures. Compliance with the prescribed treatment plan is essential, as is keeping up with doctor's appointments and regular check-ins.

In cases where medications are ineffective or cause severe side effects, other treatment options may be considered. These include epilepsy surgery, which involves removing or disconnecting the focal point in the brain that triggers the seizures. Dietary changes, such as low- or no-carb (ketogenic) diets, can also help prevent or reduce the frequency of seizures. Additionally, brain stimulation devices can be implanted to deliver a mild electrical current that interferes with the electrical activity of a seizure.

For seizures that occur more frequently or last longer than five minutes, rescue medicines are available. These are special medications used to stop further tonic-clonic seizures from occurring. It is crucial to have specific instructions from a doctor on when to take these rescue medications.

Overall, the impact of a tonic-clonic seizure on an individual's life insurance policy will depend on their treatment plan and compliance with that plan. Life insurance providers want to see that proactive measures are being taken to manage the seizures effectively. By working closely with medical professionals and adhering to the recommended treatments, individuals can improve their chances of obtaining affordable life insurance coverage.

How to find affordable life insurance with epilepsy

If you have epilepsy, you may be concerned about getting life insurance. However, it is possible to find affordable coverage if you know where to look and how to prepare. Here are some steps to help you find the right life insurance policy for your needs.

Understand the Impact of Epilepsy on Life Insurance

Firstly, it's important to understand how epilepsy affects life insurance rates and options. Epilepsy is considered a pre-existing condition, and insurance companies will evaluate your specific situation to determine your risk level. They will consider factors such as the type of epilepsy you have, the frequency and severity of your seizures, and how well they are controlled.

Shop Around for the Best Rates

Don't settle for the first life insurance company you come across. Compare quotes from multiple insurers to find the most competitive rates. Some recommended companies for epilepsy patients include AIG, Banner Life, and John Hancock. However, smaller companies may also offer better coverage in some cases.

Work with an Independent Agent or Broker

Consider working with an independent insurance agent or broker who has experience in high-risk cases and can guide you through the process. They can help you navigate the complexities of underwriting and find insurers that specialise in high-risk or impaired-risk policies.

Prepare Your Medical Information

When applying for life insurance with epilepsy, be prepared to provide detailed information about your condition. This includes the date of diagnosis, type of epilepsy, frequency and severity of seizures, medications taken, treatment history, and any relevant medical reports or test results. It's crucial to be honest and forthcoming about your epilepsy and seizure history.

Improve Your Overall Health

Improving your overall health can positively impact your insurance rates. Consider quitting smoking, eating healthier, exercising, and losing weight before applying for life insurance. This can help reduce your insurance costs, as insurers will evaluate your general health and lifestyle choices in addition to your epilepsy.

Keep a Good Record of Your Medical History

Life insurance companies want to see that you are taking the necessary precautions to manage your epilepsy effectively. Maintain regular check-ups with your doctor, follow their treatment advice, and ensure your medical records are up-to-date. This demonstrates your commitment to controlling your seizures and can improve your chances of getting a favourable rate.

By following these steps and working closely with an experienced agent or broker, you can increase your chances of finding affordable life insurance coverage that meets your needs.

Frequently asked questions